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How to optimize the effect of DLP 3D printer oxygen integration technology in jewelry printing

This article aims to explore how to enhance the effect of oxygen integration technology in DLP 3D printing for jewelry printing by optimizing equipment parameters, printing materials, and software algorithms.

(1) Equipment parameter optimization

  1. Light source and printing power adjustment
    • In DLP 3D printers, the power of the light source affects the interaction between the light and the photosensitive resin. For jewelry printing, the power of the light source needs to be adjusted according to the specific design structure of different types and brands of photosensitive resins and jewelry. For example, when printing jewelry with large structural components and wide surface areas, it may be necessary to increase the power of the light source appropriately to ensure rapid curing of the resin; while when printing fine jewelry details, the power can be appropriately reduced and combined with oxygen integration technology to better control the resin curing speed and effect. If the power is too high, it may cause premature excessive curing of the resin in the details, resulting in texture loss or structural deformation; while if the power is too low, it may cause insufficient overall curing, affecting the strength and stability of the printed parts.
    • The exposure time of the printer is also a key parameter. There is a synergistic relationship between exposure time and oxygen integration technology. If the exposure time is too long, an unsatisfactory curing layer may form on the resin surface under the influence of oxygen; if the exposure time is too short, sufficient curing depth may not be achieved. The optimal exposure time and oxygen supply coordination mechanism should be determined through experiments based on the complexity of different jewelry designs and the characteristics of photosensitive resins used. For example, when printing a jewelry box model with multiple internal structures, compared with jewelry with a single-layer simple structure, longer or shorter exposure time (depending on the printing order and structural characteristics) needs to be adjusted, and oxygen integration technology needs to be combined to ensure the curing effect of each layer structure.
  2. Oxygen supply system optimization
    • The stability of the oxygen supply system is crucial to the printing effect. The uniformity and stability of the oxygen supply should be ensured to avoid fluctuations in oxygen concentration during the printing process. For jewelry printing, due to its high requirements for accuracy and surface quality, small fluctuations in oxygen concentration may cause printing defects. Accurate and stable oxygen supply can be achieved through a high-precision oxygen flow controller to ensure that the oxygen concentration is within the preset reasonable range at each layer and every moment of printing.
    • Optimizing the way and position of oxygen supply can also improve printing effect. Based on the printing cavity structure and printing platform layout of DLP 3D printers, a more reasonable oxygen supply nozzle or gas supply pipeline layout can be designed. For example, small gas supply nozzles with circular or matrix distribution can be used to evenly distribute oxygen around the printing area and accurately reach specific printing positions as needed. When printing jewelry with asymmetric structure, this precise oxygen supply layout can provide appropriate oxygen concentration according to the needs of different parts. For example, when printing a pendant with one side being finely micro-carved and the other side being relatively thick, it can better meet the different printing requirements of both sides.

(2) Adaptation of printing materials

  1. Material type and performance considerations
    • In jewelry printing, there are various types of photosensitive resins with different physical and chemical properties. It is recommended to choose photosensitive resins that are compatible with oxygen integration technology. Some photosensitive resins with high transparency, low contraction rate, and good stability in aerobic environments are more suitable for jewelry printing using oxygen integration technology in DLP 3D printers. For example, some photosensitive resins specifically developed for high-precision printing are less prone to defects such as bubbles in oxygen-rich printing environments, which can better ensure the appearance quality of jewelry.
    • The viscosity characteristics of resins also need to be considered. Low viscosity resins may have better fluidity in oxygen environments and are easier to achieve ideal curing effects under precise control. For jewelry printing with small internal channels or hollow structures, low viscosity resins can better fill these complex structures with oxygen integration technology and form stable structures with standardized curing reactions. However, if high viscosity resins want to achieve good printing results under oxygen integration technology, more detailed parameter adjustments are needed, such as increasing oxygen supply pressure or extending curing time.
  2. Study on the interaction characteristics between materials and oxygen

    In-depth study of the interaction mechanism between different photosensitive resins and oxygen. The degree of curing inhibition of different resins in aerobic environments may be different. Some resins are more sensitive to oxygen and can achieve good curing delay effect at low oxygen concentration, while others may require higher oxygen concentration to achieve the same effect. After understanding these characteristics, the most suitable resin-oxygen combination scheme can be selected for different jewelry designs. For example, when printing jewelry that requires precise control of small protruding structures, using resins with higher oxygen sensitivity can relatively reduce the supply of oxygen, thereby achieving more precise structural control. For large jewelry parts that require a large range of resin curing area suppression, it may be necessary to choose resins that still have good stability at high oxygen concentration.

(3) Improvement of software algorithms and control systems

  1. Print Slicing Algorithm Optimization
    • When converting 3D jewelry models into printable slices, improving the slicing algorithm can improve the effectiveness of oxygen integration technology. The intelligent slicing algorithm can automatically adjust parameters such as the thickness and shape of the slices according to the shape and complexity of the model, and combine oxygen integration technology to predict and prevent problems that may occur in each layer of slices. For example, when printing jewelry necklace models with many curve changes, the optimized slicing algorithm can adjust the slicing thickness according to the bending degree and cross-sectional changes of the necklace in different parts, and cooperate with oxygen integration technology to ensure that good resin curing can be achieved in the curved part without deformation due to gravity or internal stress.
    • It can also identify areas on jewelry with different functions or aesthetic requirements (such as areas inlaid with gemstones, areas engraved with patterns, etc.) and give special treatment when slicing. For these special areas, special oxygen control strategy guidance can be marked on the slice, and corresponding oxygen adjustment measures can be implemented by the control system according to the labeling during the printing process to achieve high-precision printing of special areas.
  2. Intelligent upgrade of control system
    • Build a more intelligent control system that can monitor various parameters during the printing process in real time, such as oxygen concentration, resin solidification status, and printing platform temperature. Once an abnormality or deviation from the preset value is detected in a certain parameter, the control system should be able to adjust it in a timely manner. For example, in the jewelry printing process, if the oxygen concentration suddenly decreases, it may affect the solidification status of the resin surface. The control system should be able to quickly increase the oxygen supply or adjust the current printing speed, light source power and other related parameters to ensure that the printing can still proceed according to the predetermined effect.
    • The control system should also have the ability to learn. It can continuously optimize the control strategy of oxygen integration technology in different jewelry printing tasks based on previous printing experience data. For example, for works of different jewelry designers (with high complexity and simplicity in design style) or different jewelry production size ranges, the control system can learn the best parameter combination and control method, so as to be able to print faster and more effectively when encountering similar printing tasks in the future.
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